With the recent change of federal and state laws, you may have noticed odd-looking products in gas stations and smoke shops. Vape carts labeled as “Blue Dream,” “Guava Jam,” or “Garlic Jam,” with the suffix “Delta 8” included, have begun to pop up in places where cannabis plants and other cannabis products are still illegal.
While these cartridges might seem innocuous (and are technically federally legal), they pose serious health risks to consumers. Read on to learn about the federal law that allowed these cartridges to proliferate, the potential risks of using these products, and how to recognize if use has developed into addiction.
Where Did Delta-8 Come From?
Cannabis has been federally illegal since 1970 when the Controlled Substances Act made it a crime to possess, consume, buy, sell, or grow any form of cannabis. This included hemp products, which are not psychoactive in their unprocessed form, as they have less than 0.3% THC. However, a number of changes have occurred in recent years that have altered the legal status of different forms of cannabis.
Is Medical Marijuana Supported By Evidence?
The FDA has yet to approve the cannabis plant for any medical use. Additionally, there have been few large-scale randomized clinical trials to assess the efficacy of THC for treating any medical issue. The few studies that have been conducted have recorded multiple adverse events resulting from the use of the drug.
Cannabis use has been linked to increased risk of psychotic disorders and schizophrenia, as well as increased symptoms of anxiety disorders. However cannabis is a big market, and manufacturers have engaged in heavy lobbying to support its legalization.
Some States Have Legalized Medical Cannabis
Despite the lack of evidence to support its efficacy in treating health problems, state laws have since been passed that legalize cannabis for medicinal use, beginning with California’s Compassionate Use Act in 1996. There are now 38 states with medical cannabis.
Other States Have Legalized Recreational Cannabis
Colorado was the first state to legalize pot for recreational purchase and use. Other states have followed suit, with 24 state laws now in place to legalize the purchase of cannabis products. Still, there are 26 states where recreational users cannot buy traditional THC pot. This untapped market of customers inspired pot purveyors to create new forms of the substance to skirt federal and local laws.
Hemp Vs. Marijuana
Delta-9 THC is the substance responsible for the psychoactive effects produced by smoking the traditional form of cannabis. Hemp has very low THC and can be used to create textiles, building materials, paper products, and foods, among other things. It also includes CBD, a naturally occurring cannabinoid that is used in wellness products.
Potential Benefits of CBD
Unlike THC, researchers have found some evidence to support the benefits of CBD. Studies on animals suggest that it may have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the consensus is that more research is needed to determine the safety of cannabinoids in general.
The 2018 Farm Bill Legalized Hemp
The 2018 Farm Bill amended existing federal law to make hemp plants legal, with the provision that they must contain less than 0.3% delta-9 THC. The plan was ostensibly to legalize this non-psychoactive version of the plant. But with so many consumers looking to purchase intoxicants, the race was on to process hemp to create new products and fill the market for weed.
Delta 8 THC Was Created Through A Loophole
Because hemp was now legal, manufacturers of recreational drugs began experimenting to find psychoactive chemicals other than delta-9 THC that could be extracted from it. They found other naturally occurring cannabinoids in hemp, including delta-8 THC, which chemically differs from delta-9 THC by a single-atom bond.
They found that they could process hemp to extract CBD, and then convert it into Delta-8 THC via a complex process called isomerization. Since they were not growing plants that crossed the legal limit on Delta-9 THC, these products were technically legal.
Delta 8 THC Has Defeated Legal Challenges
In 2020, the DEA issued a rule declaring synthetic THC illegal, but it did not specifically ban Delta-8 THC. In 2022, a federal judge ruled that Delta-8 would remain federally legal since it is not banned in the Farm Bill. Some states have made Delta-8 illegal, including New York and Colorado. Ironically, these are both states where Delta-9 THC is legal, meaning there is not much of a market for Delta-8 products there.
Is Delta-8 THC Naturally Occurring?
Defenders of Delta-8 often cite that it occurs naturally in hemp. While this is true, it occurs in such small amounts that it must be produced by the isomerization process mentioned above, via the use of a combination of complex chemicals including acids and solvents. So the Delta-8 carts, edibles, and other products available for purchase are not composed of “naturally occurring” Delta-8 THC, and any benefits they advertise have not been documented by research.
The Unique Risks of Delta-8 Carts
Vapor cartridges or “vape carts” are among the most common Delta-8 THC products. In addition to being composed of cannabinoids that are not FDA-approved, vape carts have other safety factors that make them especially risky to use. While other hemp products like CBD have some research to explore their potential benefits and risks, there is a major lack of research into the contents of Delta 8 carts, and their effects on consumers.
Variable Potency
The liquid in Delta 8 vape carts can vary widely in terms of its concentration of Delta-8 THC and other cannabinoids. This means it is very difficult to predict how strong the effects will be. A person may consume a hit from a Delta 8 cart be exposed to a very high level of the cannabinoid, and experience adverse events like paranoia and even psychosis as a result.
Contaminants
Delta 8 carts are not often third-party lab tested to confirm the purity of their contents. As a result, they may contain one or more of the following dangerous contaminants.
Pesticides
A contaminant that is unique to cannabis products (since they include vegetable matter) is pesticides. Research has shown that these chemicals are a public health hazard and are dangerous when inhaled from a Delta 8 vape or any other source.
Vitamin E Acetate
The carrier oils that are used to dilute the delta 8 THC may include vitamin-E acetate, which caused thousands of people to be hospitalized and even die as a result of what was termed EVALI (E-cigarette or Vaping Associated Lung Injury).
Left Over Solvents
CBD must be converted into Delta 8 THC to reach the level of concentration necessary for use in Delta 8 vape. The FDA notes that “manufacturers may use potentially unsafe household chemicals to make delta-8 THC through this chemical synthesis process.” Converting CBD into Delta 8 can include the use of toxic solvent chemicals like propane and butane, some of which may be left over in the liquid product contained in Delta 8 carts. These substances are harmful to the lungs when heated and inhaled.
Heavy Metals
The heating elements and cartridge components in Delta 8 carts may be shoddily made, as manufacturers are more concerned with profit than safety. This means that heavy metals commonly used in the body of the cartridge can end up leaching into the liquid and are then inhaled as vapor. This is extremely harmful to the lungs and body.
Flavor and Aroma Additives
In order to add a particular note of flavor or a desirable smell to their product, producers may add ingredients whose effects on health have not been studied in people or animals. The following are just a few ingredients whose negative effects on customers have been documented, but there may be many others that researchers have yet to address.
Diacetyl – Used to create a note of buttery flavor, diacetyl is an ingredient in artificial butter (like the kind used on movie theater popcorn) that is safe to consume in food, but can cause severe lung issues when inhaled. It is the cause of bronchiolitis obliterans, also known as popcorn lung. A potential ingredient in many delta-8 cartridges, diacetyl can cause such severe lung damage that transplants are required.
Cinnamaldehyde – Used to produce a note of cinnamon in the aroma and flavor of Delta 8 vape cartridges, cinnamaldehyde is used in lotions and cosmetic products. This flavor has been shown to impair the functioning of immune cells in the lungs, making users more vulnerable to infections.
Benzaldehyde – Used to produce cherry-flavored vape carts (including the Blue Dream variety) benzaldehyde has been identified as a respiratory irritant. Consuming this flavor agent over long periods may cause serious lung damage.
Adverse Events Linked to Delta 8 THC
While there is no reliable quality control for Delta 8 THC cartridges, there is a body of public health evidence to suggest that they are dangerous.
The FDA Has Documented Several Adverse Events
The FDA collects evidence of adverse events linked to particular substances so that it can inform consumers of the risks of products. 104 reports of adverse events linked to Delta 8 carts and other Delta 8 THC products were documented by the FDA between December 2020 and February 2022 (slightly over 1 year).
66% of the events the FDA documented involved Delta-8 edibles, but Delta-8 carts were likely involved in a significant portion of the other 34%, as they are among the most popular Delta-8 THC products.
National Poison Control Centers Have Also Documented Adverse Events
In addition to the FDA, poison control centers began documenting adverse events resulting from Delta-8 THC exposure beginning in January 2021. In slightly over a year, they received an incredible 2,362 cases of poisoning from Delta-8 THC. 41% of these involved patients under 18. Tragically, one of these pediatric cases resulted in a death.
The Addiction Risk: What You Need to Know
When we talk about Delta 8 products, we’re not just discussing potential physical harm – we’re also facing very real addiction risks. While proponents may claim Delta 8 is “less addictive” than traditional THC products, the reality is more concerning.
How Delta 8 Affects Your Brain
Like other cannabinoids, Delta 8 THC works by binding to receptors in your brain’s endocannabinoid system. When used regularly, your brain can begin to adapt to its presence, potentially leading to dependence. This means your brain starts to function differently without it, triggering withdrawal symptoms when you stop using.
What makes Delta 8 particularly concerning is its unregulated nature. You never truly know how potent the product is or what other compounds it might contain. This unpredictability not only creates physical health risks but also increases the potential for developing a substance use disorder.
Signs You May Be Developing a Problem
Are you concerned about your Delta 8 use? Consider these warning signs that might indicate an emerging addiction:
- You’ve tried to cut down or stop using Delta 8 but haven’t been successful
- You experience cravings or strong urges to use Delta 8
- Your tolerance has increased, requiring more of the substance to achieve the same effect
- You’ve continued using despite negative consequences to your health, relationships, or responsibilities
- You spend significant time obtaining, using, or recovering from Delta 8 use
- You’ve given up activities you once enjoyed in favor of using Delta 8
- You use Delta 8 in situations where it’s physically hazardous
- You experience withdrawal symptoms when not using
If you recognize several of these signs, it may be time to reach out for professional help. Remember, addiction can happen to anyone – it’s not a matter of willpower or moral failing, but a complex health condition that requires proper treatment.
Understanding the Path to Recovery – The Turning Point of Tampa Difference
At Turning Point of Tampa, we believe recovery from substance use disorders, including those involving Delta 8 and other cannabis products, is absolutely possible with the right support and treatment. Our approach recognizes that each person’s journey is unique, requiring individualized care.
For over 35 years, Turning Point of Tampa has been providing exceptional care for those struggling with addiction, eating disorders, and dual diagnosis. Our treatment philosophy centers on creating a supportive, therapeutic community where real recovery can take root.
We offer a comprehensive continuum of care that includes:
- Primary Care: Our foundation program focuses on stabilization and addressing immediate needs in a structured, supportive environment.
- Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP): A flexible treatment option that allows clients to maintain work or school commitments while receiving essential care.
- Transitional Living: Providing a bridge between treatment and independent living, our residences offer a safe, substance-free environment.
Our Treatment Approach
At Turning Point of Tampa, we implement evidence-based treatment methods specifically designed to address substance use disorders, including those involving Delta 8 THC and other cannabinoids. Our experienced clinical team specializes in:
- 12-Step Integration: We believe in the power of the 12-step approach combined with clinical therapies to create lasting recovery.
- Individual Therapy: One-on-one sessions help address personal triggers, trauma, and underlying issues contributing to substance use.
- Group Therapy: Peer support and shared experiences create powerful healing environments.
- Family Program: Healing the entire family system is crucial for sustained recovery.
- Dual Diagnosis Treatment: Many clients struggling with substance use also face mental health challenges like anxiety or depression – we address both simultaneously.
Finding Hope and Healing
While Delta 8 products may seem like a legal, harmless alternative to traditional cannabis, the risks – both physical and psychological – are significant. From potentially dangerous contaminants to the development of addiction, these products can cause real harm.
At Turning Point of Tampa, we understand the challenges of addiction and the courage it takes to seek help. Our dedicated team is ready to provide the support, guidance, and evidence-based treatment needed to overcome substance use disorders and build a healthier future.
Whether you’re questioning your own use or concerned about someone you love, remember that recovery is possible. Thousands of individuals have found healing through proper treatment and support. You don’t have to face this alone – help is available, and a healthier future is within reach.
Contact Turning Point of Tampa today to learn more about our programs and take that first step toward recovery, including grieving a personal loss.
FAQ
Does Buying “High-Quality Products” Eliminate the Risks of Delta 8?
Manufacturers may seek to address their consumers’ concerns about the safety of their Delta 8 vape products by advertising them as “high quality.” They may even say that they are “third-party lab tested.” However, these labs are not held to any standards by regulatory agencies. Since these products are not FDA-approved or evaluated by any official quality control agency, there is no way of knowing whether these Delta 8 cartridges are any safer than others.
Are Edibles Safer Than Vapes?
Although Delta 8 THC edibles are not inhaled, they still have many of the same risks as cartridges. There is still no way to know what concentration of THC is actually included, and the dangerous chemicals used to produce the Delta 8 THC can still end up in these products.
Is A Delta 8 Vape Safer Than A Normal THC Vape?
Delta 8 vape carts may be legal in areas where typical THC is illegal, but this is due to the legal loophole described above. It is definitively not because Delta 8 is any safer than other cannabinoids. In fact, the chemical synthesis used to convert CBD into Delta 8 THC for use in Delta 8 carts creates additional hazards that are not present in other types of THC.
Are The Potential Benefits of Delta 8 Carts Real?
There is no evidence to suggest that Delta 8 carts or other types of Delta 8 have any medicinal or beneficial effects. Rather, there is a body of evidence of adverse events resulting from people using these products. Consumers are advised to think twice before believing claims that Delta 8 carts can provide any health benefits.
Sources
https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com
NIH.gov: Cannabis Marijuana and Cannabinoids
